01 - Combine bread flour and water in a large bowl. Mix until just combined, cover, and let rest for 30-45 minutes to develop gluten structure.
02 - Add sourdough starter and sea salt to the dough. Mix thoroughly until fully incorporated and smooth.
03 - Perform stretch-and-fold technique every 30 minutes for 2 hours, completing 4 sets total. Keep dough covered between folds to prevent drying.
04 - Let dough rest at room temperature for 1 hour after final fold to relax gluten.
05 - Turn dough onto lightly floured surface. Gently stretch into rectangle without tearing.
06 - Spread pesto evenly over dough, leaving ¾-inch border. Sprinkle 1.4 oz Parmesan over pesto layer.
07 - Roll dough into log from short end. Shape into round boule or batard form.
08 - Place in well-floured banneton or bowl, seam side up. Cover and proof 2-3 hours at room temperature, or refrigerate overnight for enhanced flavor.
09 - Preheat oven to 450°F with Dutch oven or baking stone inside for thorough heating.
10 - Turn dough onto parchment paper. Brush surface with olive oil and sprinkle remaining 0.4 oz Parmesan. Score as desired.
11 - Bake in preheated Dutch oven with lid on for 20 minutes to create steam.
12 - Remove lid and continue baking 18-20 minutes until golden brown with crispy crust.
13 - Cool completely on wire rack before slicing to preserve texture.