01 - Arrange fish fillets in a shallow dish. Drizzle with lemon juice, then season evenly with salt and pepper. Allow to marinate for 10 minutes at room temperature.
02 - Combine olive oil, minced garlic, cumin, paprika, turmeric, cilantro, and parsley in a small bowl. Mix thoroughly to form a paste. Rub mixture generously onto both sides of each fish fillet. Set aside.
03 - Heat olive oil in a large deep skillet or Dutch oven over medium heat. Add chopped onion and cook for 4–5 minutes until softened and translucent. Add diced red bell pepper and continue cooking for 3 minutes.
04 - Stir in minced garlic, cumin, paprika, coriander, and cayenne pepper. Cook for 1 minute, stirring constantly, until spices become fragrant. Avoid burning.
05 - Pour in crushed tomatoes, tomato paste, water, sugar, salt, pepper, and bay leaf. Bring mixture to a gentle simmer. Cook uncovered for 10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until sauce slightly thickens.
06 - Gently nestle marinated fish fillets into the simmering sauce. Spoon sauce over the top of each fillet to ensure even cooking.
07 - Cover skillet with lid and reduce heat to low. Simmer for 12–15 minutes until fish is just cooked through and flakes easily with a fork. Avoid overcooking.
08 - Remove bay leaf from sauce. Sprinkle with fresh cilantro and parsley. Serve immediately with steamed couscous, rice, or crusty bread.